Periodic Table Print

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• All 118 elements workbook (XLSX, PDF)
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Printable Periodic Table Workbook5 pages · free PDFPrintable Element Flash Cards4 pages · free PDFPrintable Blank Periodic Table Chart1 page · free PDF

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How to print the periodic table

Pick colour or black and white, whether to show element names and atomic weights, and your paper size, then press Print. The table is drawn as a vector graphic sized exactly to the page in landscape orientation, so text stays sharp at any size. In the print dialog, choose landscape, set margins to “None” or “Minimum” and scaling to 100%. For a wall chart, tabloid (11 × 17 inches) paper gives large, readable squares; many copy shops print tabloid or larger. Choose “Save as PDF” to keep a copy or send it to a print shop.

How the periodic table is organised

Elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number — the number of protons in the nucleus. Rows are called periods: each period corresponds to a new electron shell, which is why the table has seven periods. Columns are called groups, numbered 1 to 18. Elements in the same group have the same number of electrons in their outer shell and therefore similar chemical behaviour: the alkali metals in group 1 all react vigorously with water, and the noble gases in group 18 are very unreactive.

The two rows printed below the main table are the lanthanides (atomic numbers 57–71) and actinides (89–103). They belong in periods 6 and 7 but are shown separately so the table fits on a page; the placeholders in group 3 show where they fit.

What each square shows

Some atomic weights are shown in parentheses, such as technetium (98). These elements have no stable isotopes and no characteristic natural isotopic composition, so the number shown is the mass number of their longest-lived known isotope rather than an averaged weight.

The colour families

Colours group elements with related properties: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, post-transition metals, metalloids, reactive nonmetals, halogens, noble gases, lanthanides and actinides, plus a group for the heaviest synthetic elements whose chemical properties are not yet well established. Classification schemes differ slightly between textbooks — for example, whether hydrogen, zinc or the halogens get their own colour — so do not worry if your class chart is not identical. The black-and-white version saves ink and is useful for colouring activities where students shade the families themselves.

Using a printed table in class and at home

• Keep a copy inside a chemistry binder for homework and tests where reference tables are allowed.
• Laminate it and use a dry-erase marker to practise identifying metals, nonmetals and metalloids.
• Print the version without names for self-testing: look at a symbol and recall the name.
• Use the search box to highlight an element before printing, for a worksheet about one element.
• Stick a large tabloid print on the wall of a study space for quick look-ups.

Worked example: finding molar mass

The atomic weights on the table are what you use to calculate molar mass. For water, H₂O, add two hydrogen atoms (2 × 1.008) and one oxygen atom (15.999): 18.015 grams per mole. For table salt, NaCl: 22.990 + 35.45 = 58.44 g/mol. For carbon dioxide, CO₂: 12.011 + 2 × 15.999 = 44.009 g/mol. Many exams provide a printed table like this one, so being comfortable reading it saves time.

About the data

Atomic weights follow the IUPAC standard atomic weights, abridged to four or five significant figures, which is the precision used in most school and general chemistry courses. Some elements, such as lithium, carbon and chlorine, have atomic weights that vary slightly in nature; the table shows the conventional single values commonly used in textbooks. Element names follow IUPAC spelling, including aluminium and caesium; in the US these are usually spelled aluminum and cesium. The four newest elements — nihonium, moscovium, tennessine and oganesson — were officially named in 2016, completing period 7.

A short history of the table

Dmitri Mendeleev published his periodic table in 1869, arranging the known elements by atomic weight and chemical properties and leaving gaps for elements he predicted would be discovered — gallium, scandium and germanium were found within about two decades, matching his predictions closely. In 1913 Henry Moseley showed that atomic number, not atomic weight, is the true ordering principle, which fixed a few pairs that had seemed out of order, such as tellurium and iodine. The modern long form with 18 groups became standard in the twentieth century as the lanthanides and actinides were understood.